Methylene Blue (methylthioninium chloride) is a chemical compound and dye that was first developed to stain and inactivate certain
microbes. In 1891 it was used for malaria treatment, and since has been used for multiple different diseases.
Methylene Blue has been studied for its potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and metabolic effects including:

• Producing anti-aging effects
• Improving cognitive function
• Reducing mortality and morbidity.
• Enhancing mood
• Aiding in the treatment of conditions like methemoglobinemia and malaria
• Improving skin health
• Contributing to the fight against infectious diseases and cancer

Mitochondrial Function: Methylene blue acts as an alternative electron acceptor by facilitating electron transfer in the mitochondrial
respiratory chain. It bypasses certain complex deficiencies, enhancing electron flow and preventing electron leakage, which reduces
oxidative stress. This mechanism ultimately improves mitochondrial function, promoting cellular energy production and potentially
offering therapeutic benefits for neurodegenerative conditions.Antioxidant Activity: Methylene blue acts as an antioxidant, meaning it can neutralize harmful molecules called free radicals that can
damage cells and contribute to aging and disease. By scavenging free radicals, it helps protect cells from oxidative stress and potential
damage.

Nitric Oxide Regulation: Methylene blue can influence the regulation of nitric oxide, a molecule involved in various physiological
processes, including blood vessel dilation. By modulating nitric oxide levels, it might have implications for cardiovascular health and
blood flow regulation.

Neuroprotection: Some studies suggest that methylene blue may offer neuroprotective effects. It can help preserve nerve cells’ viability
and function, potentially reducing the risk of neurodegenerative disorders.

Cognitive Enhancement: Research indicates that methylene blue might enhance cognitive function by increasing blood flow to the
brain and potentially improving memory and attention.

Antimicrobial Action: Methylene blue’s ability to interact with cellular components might contribute to its antimicrobial properties. This
medication could disrupt bacterial or microbial functions, making it a potential adjunct to traditional antimicrobial therapies